On August 4, Federal Law No. 282-FZ On Digital Currencies and Digital Rights was published on Russia’s official legal information portal. The law creates a regulated framework for the circulation of digital currencies in the country.
The Central Bank of Russia will become the regulator and supervisory authority. It will maintain registries of cryptocurrency exchanges and digital depositories, set admission criteria for digital assets, and establish capital requirements for market intermediaries.
Retail investors who pass the required test will be allowed to purchase the most liquid digital currencies, with an annual limit of RUB 300,000 through a single intermediary. Qualified investors will have access to all digital assets without that restriction.
Cryptocurrency payments within Russia will remain prohibited. Exporters and importers, however, will be allowed to use digital currencies for cross-border settlements without restrictions, either through intermediaries or directly.
A separate section of the law regulates cryptocurrency mining. Companies and individual entrepreneurs will be required to operate through a dedicated registry, while private individuals will be subject to electricity consumption limits. The transition period will remain in effect until July 1, 2027. After that date, digital currency transactions will only be permitted through organizations listed in the Central Bank of Russia’s registries.
The Central Bank has already published draft regulations on organized trading, requirements for digital depositories, and rules for margin trading.
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